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EN388:2016 Explained: How to Read Mechanical Protection Ratings on Safety Gloves

EN388 is a European standard that specifies how work gloves are tested for mechanical protection — abrasion, cut resistance, tear, puncture, and impact. Published by CEN (European Committee for Standardization), it applies to any glove marketed for hand protection in European markets. A glove's EN388 rating is expressed as a 4–6 character code that tells buyers exactly how each hazard was tested.

The 2016 update added letter ratings A through F for the ISO 13997 straight-blade cut test and an optional P for impact protection. This guide explains what each rating means and how to specify the right level for your application.

QUICK REFERENCE

What each EN388 test measures.

TestScaleHighest LevelTypical Application
Abrasion Resistance0 to 48,000+ cyclesConstruction, heavy industrial
Blade Cut Resistance (Coup)0 to 5Index 10+Sheet metal, glass handling
Tear Resistance0 to 475+ NStructural work, demolition
Puncture Resistance0 to 4150+ NHandling sharp objects, wire
TDM Cut (ISO 13997)A to F30+ NHigh-cut-risk environments
Impact Protection (P)Pass/FailPassKnuckle and dorsal impact
READING THE LABEL

What does a rating like 4X44EP mean?

Under EN388:2016, a complete rating looks like: 4X44EP

4
1st digit
Abrasion resistance, level 4 (highest, 8,000+ cycles)
X
2nd digit
Coup cut test, X means not applicable (TDM test used instead)
4
3rd digit
Tear resistance, level 4 (highest, 75+ N)
4
4th digit
Puncture resistance, level 4 (highest, 150+ N)
E
Letter
TDM cut resistance, level E (22-29.9 N, high cut risk)
P
P (optional)
Impact protection, passed EN 13594 dorsal impact test
TDM CUT LEVELS (EN388:2016)
LevelForce (N)Application
A2 to 4.9 NLight assembly, packaging
B5 to 9.9 NAutomotive, light construction
C10 to 14.9 NSheet metal, fabrication
D15 to 21.9 NGlass, heavy fabrication
E22 to 29.9 NHigh-risk cutting environments
F30+ NExtreme cut hazard
VERSION COMPARISON

EN388:2016 vs EN388:2003, what changed.

AreaEN388:2003EN388:2016
Cut test methodCoup test only (circular blade, index score 0-5)Added ISO 13997 TDM straight-blade cut test (letters A-F). Coup test retained but TDM result takes precedence.
Rating displayFour digits: e.g. 4544Four digits plus letter plus optional P: e.g. 4X44EP. X means coup test not applicable when TDM is used.
Impact protectionNot includedAdded optional P rating for knuckle/dorsal impact protection (pass/fail per EN 13594).
PictogramFour-digit shieldUpdated shield with additional letter and P fields. Buyers should verify which version a glove is tested to.
APPLICATION GUIDE

How to choose the right EN388 rating for your application.

General construction
4344 or 4X44C

Abrasion 3-4, tear 3-4, puncture 3-4. Cut level C if handling rebar or sharp edges.

See IronFlex Heavy Duty
Sheet metal and fabrication
4X44D or 4X44E

TDM cut level D or E for glass and sheet metal. High abrasion and puncture ratings essential.

See ThermoGuard Pro
Automotive and mechanical
4X43B or 4X44C

Oil resistance and dexterity matter as much as cut level. TDM B or C is typical for automotive assembly.

See PrecisionGrip MX
Pneumatic tool operation
4344 + EN10819

EN388 alone is not enough for vibration. Look for EN10819 HAV rating alongside EN388 abrasion and tear.

See VibeDamp Anti-Vib
Electrical and arc flash
EN407 + NFPA 70E

EN388 does not cover electrical hazards. Arc flash work requires EN407 flame ratings and NFPA 70E compliance.

See ArcSafe Electrical
Beekeeping
Sting resistance (not EN388)

EN388 does not cover sting penetration. Beekeeping gloves are tested separately for sting resistance.

See ApiShield Ventilated
OUR TESTING PROCESS

How AB Leather tests to EN388.

Our in-house QC lab runs abrasion, cut, tear, and puncture tests on every production batch using calibrated equipment aligned to EN388:2016 and ISO 13997 protocols. Results are logged against the specification for that SKU.

For formal CE certification, we use accredited third-party laboratories. Test reports from these labs are available to pre-qualified buyers for supplier vetting and import compliance purposes.

Abrasion test rig
Martindale method, calibrated to EN388:2016
TDM cut resistance
ISO 13997 straight-blade test, levels A-F
Tear resistance
Trouser tear method, DIN 53356
Puncture resistance
Static puncture, 150N+ for level 4
Third-party lab reports
Available for CE/ANSI certification on request
FREQUENTLY ASKED

EN388 questions from buyers.

What do the numbers on an EN388 glove label mean?

The four numbers represent: (1) abrasion resistance (0-4), (2) blade cut resistance (0-5), (3) tear resistance (0-4), and (4) puncture resistance (0-4). The 2016 update added a letter A-F for the ISO 13997 straight-blade cut test and an optional P for impact protection. A rating of 4544EP means maximum abrasion, cut level E, tear 4, puncture 4, and impact protection passed.

What is the difference between EN388:2003 and EN388:2016?

EN388:2016 added the ISO 13997 TDM (straight-blade) cut test, which is more accurate than the older Coup circular-blade test. The TDM result is shown as a letter (A-F) after the four digits. EN388:2016 also added an optional impact protection rating (P). If a glove label shows only four digits with no letter, it was tested to the 2003 version.

What EN388 level do I need for construction work?

For general construction, EN388 abrasion level 3 or 4 and tear level 3 or 4 are typically required. For work involving sharp edges or metal, look for cut level C or D (TDM letter) or cut index 3 or above (Coup number). For structural steel or demolition, consider gloves with impact protection (P rating).

Is EN388 mandatory for EU buyers?

Yes. All PPE sold in the EU must comply with PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425. Mechanical protection gloves (Category II and III) require CE marking, which includes EN388 testing by a notified body. Category III gloves (highest risk) require additional type-examination.

Do AB Leather gloves come with EN388 test reports?

Yes. Our products are designed and tested to EN388:2016 standards. Third-party lab test reports are available for pre-qualified buyers. Contact compliance@ableather.com with your specific product and standard requirements.

Looking for EN388-rated gloves?

Browse our product catalogue or submit an RFQ with your required EN388 rating, volume, and target market. We respond within 24 hours.